diff --git a/pytest.ini b/pytest.ini
index da0f68e20..de0bccbf1 100644
--- a/pytest.ini
+++ b/pytest.ini
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ flake8-ignore =
     scrapy/core/downloader/__init__.py E501
     scrapy/core/downloader/contextfactory.py E501 E128 E126
     scrapy/core/downloader/middleware.py E501
-    scrapy/core/downloader/tls.py E501 E241
+    scrapy/core/downloader/tls.py E501
     scrapy/core/downloader/webclient.py E731 E501 E128 E126
     scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/__init__.py E501
     scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/ftp.py E501 E128 E127
@@ -97,9 +97,9 @@ flake8-ignore =
     scrapy/loader/processors.py E501
     # scrapy/pipelines
     scrapy/pipelines/__init__.py E501
-    scrapy/pipelines/files.py E116 E501 E266
-    scrapy/pipelines/images.py E265 E501
-    scrapy/pipelines/media.py E125 E501 E266
+    scrapy/pipelines/files.py E116 E501
+    scrapy/pipelines/images.py E501
+    scrapy/pipelines/media.py E125 E501
     # scrapy/selector
     scrapy/selector/__init__.py F403
     scrapy/selector/unified.py E501 E111
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ flake8-ignore =
     scrapy/__init__.py E402 E501
     scrapy/cmdline.py E501
     scrapy/crawler.py E501
-    scrapy/dupefilters.py E501 E202
+    scrapy/dupefilters.py E501
     scrapy/exceptions.py E501
     scrapy/exporters.py E501
     scrapy/interfaces.py E501
@@ -178,13 +178,13 @@ flake8-ignore =
     tests/test_command_shell.py E501 E128
     tests/test_commands.py E128 E501
     tests/test_contracts.py E501 E128
-    tests/test_crawl.py E501 E741 E265
+    tests/test_crawl.py E501 E741
     tests/test_crawler.py F841 E501
     tests/test_dependencies.py F841 E501
-    tests/test_downloader_handlers.py E124 E127 E128 E265 E501 E126 E123
+    tests/test_downloader_handlers.py E124 E127 E128 E501 E126 E123
     tests/test_downloadermiddleware.py E501
     tests/test_downloadermiddleware_ajaxcrawlable.py E501
-    tests/test_downloadermiddleware_cookies.py E731 E741 E501 E128 E265 E126
+    tests/test_downloadermiddleware_cookies.py E731 E741 E501 E128 E126
     tests/test_downloadermiddleware_decompression.py E127
     tests/test_downloadermiddleware_defaultheaders.py E501
     tests/test_downloadermiddleware_downloadtimeout.py E501
@@ -199,15 +199,15 @@ flake8-ignore =
     tests/test_engine.py E401 E501 E128
     tests/test_exporters.py E501 E731 E128 E124
     tests/test_extension_telnet.py F841
-    tests/test_feedexport.py E501 F841 E241
+    tests/test_feedexport.py E501 F841
     tests/test_http_cookies.py E501
     tests/test_http_headers.py E501
     tests/test_http_request.py E402 E501 E127 E128 E128 E126 E123
-    tests/test_http_response.py E501 E128 E265
+    tests/test_http_response.py E501 E128
     tests/test_item.py E128 F841
     tests/test_link.py E501
     tests/test_linkextractors.py E501 E128 E124
-    tests/test_loader.py E501 E731 E741 E128 E117 E241
+    tests/test_loader.py E501 E731 E741 E128 E117
     tests/test_logformatter.py E128 E501 E122
     tests/test_mail.py E128 E501
     tests/test_middleware.py E501 E128
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ flake8-ignore =
     tests/test_spidermiddleware_httperror.py E128 E501 E127 E121
     tests/test_spidermiddleware_offsite.py E501 E128 E111
     tests/test_spidermiddleware_output_chain.py E501
-    tests/test_spidermiddleware_referer.py E501 F841 E125 E201 E124 E501 E241 E121
+    tests/test_spidermiddleware_referer.py E501 F841 E125 E124 E501 E121
     tests/test_squeues.py E501 E741
     tests/test_utils_asyncio.py E501
     tests/test_utils_conf.py E501 E128
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ flake8-ignore =
     tests/test_utils_defer.py E501 F841
     tests/test_utils_deprecate.py F841 E501
     tests/test_utils_http.py E501 E128 W504
-    tests/test_utils_iterators.py E501 E128 E129 E241
+    tests/test_utils_iterators.py E501 E128 E129
     tests/test_utils_log.py E741
     tests/test_utils_python.py E501 E731
     tests/test_utils_reqser.py E501 E128
@@ -243,8 +243,8 @@ flake8-ignore =
     tests/test_utils_response.py E501
     tests/test_utils_signal.py E741 F841 E731
     tests/test_utils_sitemap.py E128 E501 E124
-    tests/test_utils_url.py E501 E127 E125 E501 E241 E126 E123
-    tests/test_webclient.py E501 E128 E122 E402 E241 E123 E126
+    tests/test_utils_url.py E501 E127 E125 E501 E126 E123
+    tests/test_webclient.py E501 E128 E122 E402 E123 E126
     tests/test_cmdline/__init__.py E501
     tests/test_settings/__init__.py E501 E128
     tests/test_spiderloader/__init__.py E128 E501
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/tls.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/tls.py
index a1c881d5e..e43a3c83e 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/tls.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/tls.py
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ METHOD_TLSv12 = 'TLSv1.2'
 
 
 openssl_methods = {
-    METHOD_TLS:    SSL.SSLv23_METHOD,                   # protocol negotiation (recommended)
-    METHOD_SSLv3:  SSL.SSLv3_METHOD,                    # SSL 3 (NOT recommended)
+    METHOD_TLS: SSL.SSLv23_METHOD,                      # protocol negotiation (recommended)
+    METHOD_SSLv3: SSL.SSLv3_METHOD,                     # SSL 3 (NOT recommended)
     METHOD_TLSv10: SSL.TLSv1_METHOD,                    # TLS 1.0 only
     METHOD_TLSv11: getattr(SSL, 'TLSv1_1_METHOD', 5),   # TLS 1.1 only
     METHOD_TLSv12: getattr(SSL, 'TLSv1_2_METHOD', 6),   # TLS 1.2 only
diff --git a/scrapy/dupefilters.py b/scrapy/dupefilters.py
index d74c8ed36..ac5478e7c 100644
--- a/scrapy/dupefilters.py
+++ b/scrapy/dupefilters.py
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class RFPDupeFilter(BaseDupeFilter):
     def log(self, request, spider):
         if self.debug:
             msg = "Filtered duplicate request: %(request)s (referer: %(referer)s)"
-            args = {'request': request, 'referer': referer_str(request) }
+            args = {'request': request, 'referer': referer_str(request)}
             self.logger.debug(msg, args, extra={'spider': spider})
         elif self.logdupes:
             msg = ("Filtered duplicate request: %(request)s"
diff --git a/scrapy/pipelines/files.py b/scrapy/pipelines/files.py
index 101bf5fbc..aab645d3d 100644
--- a/scrapy/pipelines/files.py
+++ b/scrapy/pipelines/files.py
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ class FilesPipeline(MediaPipeline):
         spider.crawler.stats.inc_value('file_count', spider=spider)
         spider.crawler.stats.inc_value('file_status_count/%s' % status, spider=spider)
 
-    ### Overridable Interface
+    # Overridable Interface
     def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
         return [Request(x) for x in item.get(self.files_urls_field, [])]
 
diff --git a/scrapy/pipelines/images.py b/scrapy/pipelines/images.py
index 2e646379c..aeb520442 100644
--- a/scrapy/pipelines/images.py
+++ b/scrapy/pipelines/images.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from scrapy.utils.python import to_bytes
 from scrapy.http import Request
 from scrapy.settings import Settings
 from scrapy.exceptions import DropItem
-#TODO: from scrapy.pipelines.media import MediaPipeline
+# TODO: from scrapy.pipelines.media import MediaPipeline
 from scrapy.pipelines.files import FileException, FilesPipeline
 
 
diff --git a/scrapy/pipelines/media.py b/scrapy/pipelines/media.py
index 562d9ee32..a6d99fa99 100644
--- a/scrapy/pipelines/media.py
+++ b/scrapy/pipelines/media.py
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ class MediaPipeline:
         for wad in info.waiting.pop(fp):
             defer_result(result).chainDeferred(wad)
 
-    ### Overridable Interface
+    # Overridable Interface
     def media_to_download(self, request, info):
         """Check request before starting download"""
         pass
diff --git a/tests/test_crawl.py b/tests/test_crawl.py
index 3f8a7435c..c02e6a70b 100644
--- a/tests/test_crawl.py
+++ b/tests/test_crawl.py
@@ -147,9 +147,9 @@ class CrawlTestCase(TestCase):
         settings = {"CONCURRENT_REQUESTS": 1}
         crawler = CrawlerRunner(settings).create_crawler(BrokenStartRequestsSpider)
         yield crawler.crawl(mockserver=self.mockserver)
-        #self.assertTrue(False, crawler.spider.seedsseen)
-        #self.assertTrue(crawler.spider.seedsseen.index(None) < crawler.spider.seedsseen.index(99),
-        #                crawler.spider.seedsseen)
+        self.assertTrue(
+            crawler.spider.seedsseen.index(None) < crawler.spider.seedsseen.index(99),
+            crawler.spider.seedsseen)
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def test_start_requests_dupes(self):
diff --git a/tests/test_downloadermiddleware_cookies.py b/tests/test_downloadermiddleware_cookies.py
index 051f66680..f8e4851fc 100644
--- a/tests/test_downloadermiddleware_cookies.py
+++ b/tests/test_downloadermiddleware_cookies.py
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ class CookiesMiddlewareTest(TestCase):
         assert self.mw.process_request(req4, self.spider) is None
         self.assertCookieValEqual(req4.headers.get('Cookie'), b'C2=value2; galleta=dulce')
 
-        #cookies from hosts with port
+        # cookies from hosts with port
         req5_1 = Request('http://scrapytest.org:1104/')
         assert self.mw.process_request(req5_1, self.spider) is None
 
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ class CookiesMiddlewareTest(TestCase):
         assert self.mw.process_request(req5_3, self.spider) is None
         self.assertEqual(req5_3.headers.get('Cookie'), b'C1=value1')
 
-        #skip cookie retrieval for not http request
+        # skip cookie retrieval for not http request
         req6 = Request('file:///scrapy/sometempfile')
         assert self.mw.process_request(req6, self.spider) is None
         self.assertEqual(req6.headers.get('Cookie'), None)
diff --git a/tests/test_http_response.py b/tests/test_http_response.py
index eafc3560e..522ec4875 100644
--- a/tests/test_http_response.py
+++ b/tests/test_http_response.py
@@ -438,8 +438,8 @@ class TextResponseTest(BaseResponseTest):
         assert u'<span>value</span>' in r.text, repr(r.text)
 
         # FIXME: This test should pass once we stop using BeautifulSoup's UnicodeDammit in TextResponse
-        #r = self.response_class("http://www.example.com", body=b'PREFIX\xe3\xabSUFFIX')
-        #assert u'\ufffd' in r.text, repr(r.text)
+        # r = self.response_class("http://www.example.com", body=b'PREFIX\xe3\xabSUFFIX')
+        # assert u'\ufffd' in r.text, repr(r.text)
 
     def test_selector(self):
         body = b"<html><head><title>Some page</title><body></body></html>"
diff --git a/tests/test_spidermiddleware_referer.py b/tests/test_spidermiddleware_referer.py
index 4c6ede70b..742adc64f 100644
--- a/tests/test_spidermiddleware_referer.py
+++ b/tests/test_spidermiddleware_referer.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class TestRefererMiddleware(TestCase):
     resp_headers = {}
     settings = {}
     scenarii = [
-        ('http://scrapytest.org', 'http://scrapytest.org/',  b'http://scrapytest.org'),
+        ('http://scrapytest.org', 'http://scrapytest.org/', b'http://scrapytest.org'),
     ]
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -54,57 +54,57 @@ class MixinDefault:
     with some additional filtering of s3://
     """
     scenarii = [
-        ('https://example.com/',    'https://scrapy.org/',  b'https://example.com/'),
-        ('http://example.com/',     'http://scrapy.org/',   b'http://example.com/'),
-        ('http://example.com/',     'https://scrapy.org/',  b'http://example.com/'),
-        ('https://example.com/',    'http://scrapy.org/',   None),
+        ('https://example.com/', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://example.com/'),
+        ('http://example.com/', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'http://example.com/'),
+        ('http://example.com/', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'http://example.com/'),
+        ('https://example.com/', 'http://scrapy.org/', None),
 
         # no credentials leak
-        ('http://user:password@example.com/',  'https://scrapy.org/', b'http://example.com/'),
+        ('http://user:password@example.com/', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'http://example.com/'),
 
         # no referrer leak for local schemes
-        ('file:///home/path/to/somefile.html',  'https://scrapy.org/', None),
-        ('file:///home/path/to/somefile.html',  'http://scrapy.org/',  None),
+        ('file:///home/path/to/somefile.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', None),
+        ('file:///home/path/to/somefile.html', 'http://scrapy.org/', None),
 
         # no referrer leak for s3 origins
-        ('s3://mybucket/path/to/data.csv',  'https://scrapy.org/', None),
-        ('s3://mybucket/path/to/data.csv',  'http://scrapy.org/',  None),
+        ('s3://mybucket/path/to/data.csv', 'https://scrapy.org/', None),
+        ('s3://mybucket/path/to/data.csv', 'http://scrapy.org/', None),
     ]
 
 
 class MixinNoReferrer:
     scenarii = [
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',       'https://example.com/', None),
-        ('http://www.example.com/',             'https://scrapy.org/',  None),
-        ('http://www.example.com/',             'http://scrapy.org/',   None),
-        ('https://www.example.com/',            'http://scrapy.org/',   None),
-        ('file:///home/path/to/somefile.html',  'http://scrapy.org/',   None),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://example.com/', None),
+        ('http://www.example.com/', 'https://scrapy.org/', None),
+        ('http://www.example.com/', 'http://scrapy.org/', None),
+        ('https://www.example.com/', 'http://scrapy.org/', None),
+        ('file:///home/path/to/somefile.html', 'http://scrapy.org/', None),
     ]
 
 
 class MixinNoReferrerWhenDowngrade:
     scenarii = [
         # TLS to TLS: send non-empty referrer
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',       'https://not.example.com/', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',       'https://scrapy.org/',      b'https://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://example.com:443/page.html',   'https://scrapy.org/',      b'https://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://example.com:444/page.html',   'https://scrapy.org/',      b'https://example.com:444/page.html'),
-        ('ftps://example.com/urls.zip',         'https://scrapy.org/',      b'ftps://example.com/urls.zip'),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://not.example.com/', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://example.com:443/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://example.com:444/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://example.com:444/page.html'),
+        ('ftps://example.com/urls.zip', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'ftps://example.com/urls.zip'),
 
         # TLS to non-TLS: do not send referrer
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',       'http://not.example.com/',  None),
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',       'http://scrapy.org/',       None),
-        ('ftps://example.com/urls.zip',         'http://scrapy.org/',       None),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'http://not.example.com/', None),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org/', None),
+        ('ftps://example.com/urls.zip', 'http://scrapy.org/', None),
 
         # non-TLS to TLS or non-TLS: send referrer
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'https://not.example.com/', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'https://scrapy.org/',      b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com:8080/page.html',   'https://scrapy.org/',      b'http://example.com:8080/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com:80/page.html',     'http://not.example.com/',  b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'http://scrapy.org/',       b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com:443/page.html',    'http://scrapy.org/',       b'http://example.com:443/page.html'),
-        ('ftp://example.com/urls.zip',          'http://scrapy.org/',       b'ftp://example.com/urls.zip'),
-        ('ftp://example.com/urls.zip',          'https://scrapy.org/',      b'ftp://example.com/urls.zip'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'https://not.example.com/', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com:8080/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'http://example.com:8080/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com:80/page.html', 'http://not.example.com/', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com:443/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'http://example.com:443/page.html'),
+        ('ftp://example.com/urls.zip', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'ftp://example.com/urls.zip'),
+        ('ftp://example.com/urls.zip', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'ftp://example.com/urls.zip'),
 
         # test for user/password stripping
         ('http://user:password@example.com/page.html', 'https://not.example.com/', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
@@ -114,43 +114,43 @@ class MixinNoReferrerWhenDowngrade:
 class MixinSameOrigin:
     scenarii = [
         # Same origin (protocol, host, port): send referrer
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',       'https://example.com/not-page.html',        b'https://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'http://example.com/not-page.html',         b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://example.com:443/page.html',   'https://example.com/not-page.html',        b'https://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com:80/page.html',     'http://example.com/not-page.html',         b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'http://example.com:80/not-page.html',      b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com:8888/page.html',   'http://example.com:8888/not-page.html',    b'http://example.com:8888/page.html'),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://example.com/not-page.html', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://example.com:443/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com:80/page.html', 'http://example.com/not-page.html', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://example.com:80/not-page.html', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com:8888/page.html', 'http://example.com:8888/not-page.html', b'http://example.com:8888/page.html'),
 
         # Different host: do NOT send referrer
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',       'https://not.example.com/otherpage.html',   None),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'http://not.example.com/otherpage.html',    None),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'http://www.example.com/otherpage.html',    None),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://not.example.com/otherpage.html', None),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://not.example.com/otherpage.html', None),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://www.example.com/otherpage.html', None),
 
         # Different port: do NOT send referrer
-        ('https://example.com:444/page.html',   'https://example.com/not-page.html',    None),
-        ('http://example.com:81/page.html',     'http://example.com/not-page.html',     None),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'http://example.com:81/not-page.html',  None),
+        ('https://example.com:444/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', None),
+        ('http://example.com:81/page.html', 'http://example.com/not-page.html', None),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://example.com:81/not-page.html', None),
 
         # Different protocols: do NOT send refferer
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',   'http://example.com/not-page.html',     None),
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',   'http://not.example.com/',              None),
-        ('ftps://example.com/urls.zip',     'https://example.com/not-page.html',    None),
-        ('ftp://example.com/urls.zip',      'http://example.com/not-page.html',     None),
-        ('ftps://example.com/urls.zip',     'https://example.com/not-page.html',    None),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'http://example.com/not-page.html', None),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'http://not.example.com/', None),
+        ('ftps://example.com/urls.zip', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', None),
+        ('ftp://example.com/urls.zip', 'http://example.com/not-page.html', None),
+        ('ftps://example.com/urls.zip', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', None),
 
         # test for user/password stripping
-        ('https://user:password@example.com/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html',    b'https://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://user:password@example.com/page.html', 'http://example.com/not-page.html',     None),
+        ('https://user:password@example.com/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://user:password@example.com/page.html', 'http://example.com/not-page.html', None),
     ]
 
 
 class MixinOrigin:
     scenarii = [
         # TLS or non-TLS to TLS or non-TLS: referrer origin is sent (yes, even for downgrades)
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',   'https://example.com/not-page.html',    b'https://example.com/'),
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',   'https://scrapy.org',                   b'https://example.com/'),
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',   'http://scrapy.org',                    b'https://example.com/'),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',    'http://scrapy.org',                    b'http://example.com/'),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', b'https://example.com/'),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org', b'https://example.com/'),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org', b'https://example.com/'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org', b'http://example.com/'),
 
         # test for user/password stripping
         ('https://user:password@example.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org', b'https://example.com/'),
@@ -160,129 +160,129 @@ class MixinOrigin:
 class MixinStrictOrigin:
     scenarii = [
         # TLS or non-TLS to TLS or non-TLS: referrer origin is sent but not for downgrades
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',   'https://example.com/not-page.html',    b'https://example.com/'),
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',   'https://scrapy.org',                   b'https://example.com/'),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',    'http://scrapy.org',                    b'http://example.com/'),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', b'https://example.com/'),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org', b'https://example.com/'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org', b'http://example.com/'),
 
         # downgrade: send nothing
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',   'http://scrapy.org',                    None),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org', None),
 
         # upgrade: send origin
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',    'https://scrapy.org',                   b'http://example.com/'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org', b'http://example.com/'),
 
         # test for user/password stripping
-        ('https://user:password@example.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org',       b'https://example.com/'),
-        ('https://user:password@example.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org',        None),
+        ('https://user:password@example.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org', b'https://example.com/'),
+        ('https://user:password@example.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org', None),
     ]
 
 
 class MixinOriginWhenCrossOrigin:
     scenarii = [
         # Same origin (protocol, host, port): send referrer
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',       'https://example.com/not-page.html',        b'https://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'http://example.com/not-page.html',         b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://example.com:443/page.html',   'https://example.com/not-page.html',        b'https://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com:80/page.html',     'http://example.com/not-page.html',         b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'http://example.com:80/not-page.html',      b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com:8888/page.html',   'http://example.com:8888/not-page.html',    b'http://example.com:8888/page.html'),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://example.com/not-page.html', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://example.com:443/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com:80/page.html', 'http://example.com/not-page.html', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://example.com:80/not-page.html', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com:8888/page.html', 'http://example.com:8888/not-page.html', b'http://example.com:8888/page.html'),
 
         # Different host: send origin as referrer
-        ('https://example2.com/page.html',  'https://scrapy.org/otherpage.html',        b'https://example2.com/'),
-        ('https://example2.com/page.html',  'https://not.example2.com/otherpage.html',  b'https://example2.com/'),
-        ('http://example2.com/page.html',   'http://not.example2.com/otherpage.html',   b'http://example2.com/'),
+        ('https://example2.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/otherpage.html', b'https://example2.com/'),
+        ('https://example2.com/page.html', 'https://not.example2.com/otherpage.html', b'https://example2.com/'),
+        ('http://example2.com/page.html', 'http://not.example2.com/otherpage.html', b'http://example2.com/'),
         # exact match required
-        ('http://example2.com/page.html',   'http://www.example2.com/otherpage.html',   b'http://example2.com/'),
+        ('http://example2.com/page.html', 'http://www.example2.com/otherpage.html', b'http://example2.com/'),
 
         # Different port: send origin as referrer
-        ('https://example3.com:444/page.html',  'https://example3.com/not-page.html',   b'https://example3.com:444/'),
-        ('http://example3.com:81/page.html',    'http://example3.com/not-page.html',    b'http://example3.com:81/'),
+        ('https://example3.com:444/page.html', 'https://example3.com/not-page.html', b'https://example3.com:444/'),
+        ('http://example3.com:81/page.html', 'http://example3.com/not-page.html', b'http://example3.com:81/'),
 
         # Different protocols: send origin as referrer
-        ('https://example4.com/page.html',  'http://example4.com/not-page.html',    b'https://example4.com/'),
-        ('https://example4.com/page.html',  'http://not.example4.com/',             b'https://example4.com/'),
-        ('ftps://example4.com/urls.zip',    'https://example4.com/not-page.html',   b'ftps://example4.com/'),
-        ('ftp://example4.com/urls.zip',     'http://example4.com/not-page.html',    b'ftp://example4.com/'),
-        ('ftps://example4.com/urls.zip',    'https://example4.com/not-page.html',   b'ftps://example4.com/'),
+        ('https://example4.com/page.html', 'http://example4.com/not-page.html', b'https://example4.com/'),
+        ('https://example4.com/page.html', 'http://not.example4.com/', b'https://example4.com/'),
+        ('ftps://example4.com/urls.zip', 'https://example4.com/not-page.html', b'ftps://example4.com/'),
+        ('ftp://example4.com/urls.zip', 'http://example4.com/not-page.html', b'ftp://example4.com/'),
+        ('ftps://example4.com/urls.zip', 'https://example4.com/not-page.html', b'ftps://example4.com/'),
 
         # test for user/password stripping
-        ('https://user:password@example5.com/page.html', 'https://example5.com/not-page.html',  b'https://example5.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://user:password@example5.com/page.html', 'https://example5.com/not-page.html', b'https://example5.com/page.html'),
         # TLS to non-TLS downgrade: send origin
-        ('https://user:password@example5.com/page.html', 'http://example5.com/not-page.html',   b'https://example5.com/'),
+        ('https://user:password@example5.com/page.html', 'http://example5.com/not-page.html', b'https://example5.com/'),
     ]
 
 
 class MixinStrictOriginWhenCrossOrigin:
     scenarii = [
         # Same origin (protocol, host, port): send referrer
-        ('https://example.com/page.html',       'https://example.com/not-page.html',        b'https://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'http://example.com/not-page.html',         b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://example.com:443/page.html',   'https://example.com/not-page.html',        b'https://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com:80/page.html',     'http://example.com/not-page.html',         b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com/page.html',        'http://example.com:80/not-page.html',      b'http://example.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example.com:8888/page.html',   'http://example.com:8888/not-page.html',    b'http://example.com:8888/page.html'),
+        ('https://example.com/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://example.com/not-page.html', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://example.com:443/page.html', 'https://example.com/not-page.html', b'https://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com:80/page.html', 'http://example.com/not-page.html', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com/page.html', 'http://example.com:80/not-page.html', b'http://example.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example.com:8888/page.html', 'http://example.com:8888/not-page.html', b'http://example.com:8888/page.html'),
 
         # Different host: send origin as referrer
-        ('https://example2.com/page.html',  'https://scrapy.org/otherpage.html',        b'https://example2.com/'),
-        ('https://example2.com/page.html',  'https://not.example2.com/otherpage.html',  b'https://example2.com/'),
-        ('http://example2.com/page.html',   'http://not.example2.com/otherpage.html',   b'http://example2.com/'),
+        ('https://example2.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/otherpage.html', b'https://example2.com/'),
+        ('https://example2.com/page.html', 'https://not.example2.com/otherpage.html', b'https://example2.com/'),
+        ('http://example2.com/page.html', 'http://not.example2.com/otherpage.html', b'http://example2.com/'),
         # exact match required
-        ('http://example2.com/page.html',   'http://www.example2.com/otherpage.html',   b'http://example2.com/'),
+        ('http://example2.com/page.html', 'http://www.example2.com/otherpage.html', b'http://example2.com/'),
 
         # Different port: send origin as referrer
-        ('https://example3.com:444/page.html',  'https://example3.com/not-page.html',   b'https://example3.com:444/'),
-        ('http://example3.com:81/page.html',    'http://example3.com/not-page.html',    b'http://example3.com:81/'),
+        ('https://example3.com:444/page.html', 'https://example3.com/not-page.html', b'https://example3.com:444/'),
+        ('http://example3.com:81/page.html', 'http://example3.com/not-page.html', b'http://example3.com:81/'),
 
         # downgrade
-        ('https://example4.com/page.html',  'http://example4.com/not-page.html',    None),
-        ('https://example4.com/page.html',  'http://not.example4.com/',             None),
+        ('https://example4.com/page.html', 'http://example4.com/not-page.html', None),
+        ('https://example4.com/page.html', 'http://not.example4.com/', None),
 
         # non-TLS to non-TLS
-        ('ftp://example4.com/urls.zip',     'http://example4.com/not-page.html',    b'ftp://example4.com/'),
+        ('ftp://example4.com/urls.zip', 'http://example4.com/not-page.html', b'ftp://example4.com/'),
 
         # upgrade
-        ('http://example4.com/page.html',  'https://example4.com/not-page.html',    b'http://example4.com/'),
-        ('http://example4.com/page.html',  'https://not.example4.com/',             b'http://example4.com/'),
+        ('http://example4.com/page.html', 'https://example4.com/not-page.html', b'http://example4.com/'),
+        ('http://example4.com/page.html', 'https://not.example4.com/', b'http://example4.com/'),
 
         # Different protocols: send origin as referrer
-        ('ftps://example4.com/urls.zip',    'https://example4.com/not-page.html',   b'ftps://example4.com/'),
-        ('ftps://example4.com/urls.zip',    'https://example4.com/not-page.html',   b'ftps://example4.com/'),
+        ('ftps://example4.com/urls.zip', 'https://example4.com/not-page.html', b'ftps://example4.com/'),
+        ('ftps://example4.com/urls.zip', 'https://example4.com/not-page.html', b'ftps://example4.com/'),
 
         # test for user/password stripping
-        ('https://user:password@example5.com/page.html', 'https://example5.com/not-page.html',  b'https://example5.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://user:password@example5.com/page.html', 'https://example5.com/not-page.html', b'https://example5.com/page.html'),
 
         # TLS to non-TLS downgrade: send nothing
-        ('https://user:password@example5.com/page.html', 'http://example5.com/not-page.html',   None),
+        ('https://user:password@example5.com/page.html', 'http://example5.com/not-page.html', None),
     ]
 
 
 class MixinUnsafeUrl:
     scenarii = [
         # TLS to TLS: send referrer
-        ('https://example.com/sekrit.html',     'http://not.example.com/',      b'https://example.com/sekrit.html'),
-        ('https://example1.com/page.html',      'https://not.example1.com/',    b'https://example1.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://example1.com/page.html',      'https://scrapy.org/',          b'https://example1.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://example1.com:443/page.html',  'https://scrapy.org/',          b'https://example1.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://example1.com:444/page.html',  'https://scrapy.org/',          b'https://example1.com:444/page.html'),
-        ('ftps://example1.com/urls.zip',        'https://scrapy.org/',          b'ftps://example1.com/urls.zip'),
+        ('https://example.com/sekrit.html', 'http://not.example.com/', b'https://example.com/sekrit.html'),
+        ('https://example1.com/page.html', 'https://not.example1.com/', b'https://example1.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://example1.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://example1.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://example1.com:443/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://example1.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://example1.com:444/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://example1.com:444/page.html'),
+        ('ftps://example1.com/urls.zip', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'ftps://example1.com/urls.zip'),
 
         # TLS to non-TLS: send referrer (yes, it's unsafe)
-        ('https://example2.com/page.html',  'http://not.example2.com/', b'https://example2.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://example2.com/page.html',  'http://scrapy.org/',       b'https://example2.com/page.html'),
-        ('ftps://example2.com/urls.zip',    'http://scrapy.org/',       b'ftps://example2.com/urls.zip'),
+        ('https://example2.com/page.html', 'http://not.example2.com/', b'https://example2.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://example2.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'https://example2.com/page.html'),
+        ('ftps://example2.com/urls.zip', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'ftps://example2.com/urls.zip'),
 
         # non-TLS to TLS or non-TLS: send referrer (yes, it's unsafe)
-        ('http://example3.com/page.html',       'https://not.example3.com/',    b'http://example3.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example3.com/page.html',       'https://scrapy.org/',          b'http://example3.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example3.com:8080/page.html',  'https://scrapy.org/',          b'http://example3.com:8080/page.html'),
-        ('http://example3.com:80/page.html',    'http://not.example3.com/',     b'http://example3.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example3.com/page.html',       'http://scrapy.org/',           b'http://example3.com/page.html'),
-        ('http://example3.com:443/page.html',   'http://scrapy.org/',           b'http://example3.com:443/page.html'),
-        ('ftp://example3.com/urls.zip',         'http://scrapy.org/',           b'ftp://example3.com/urls.zip'),
-        ('ftp://example3.com/urls.zip',         'https://scrapy.org/',          b'ftp://example3.com/urls.zip'),
+        ('http://example3.com/page.html', 'https://not.example3.com/', b'http://example3.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example3.com/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'http://example3.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example3.com:8080/page.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'http://example3.com:8080/page.html'),
+        ('http://example3.com:80/page.html', 'http://not.example3.com/', b'http://example3.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example3.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'http://example3.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://example3.com:443/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'http://example3.com:443/page.html'),
+        ('ftp://example3.com/urls.zip', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'ftp://example3.com/urls.zip'),
+        ('ftp://example3.com/urls.zip', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'ftp://example3.com/urls.zip'),
 
         # test for user/password stripping
-        ('http://user:password@example4.com/page.html',     'https://not.example4.com/',    b'http://example4.com/page.html'),
-        ('https://user:password@example4.com/page.html',    'http://scrapy.org/',           b'https://example4.com/page.html'),
+        ('http://user:password@example4.com/page.html', 'https://not.example4.com/', b'http://example4.com/page.html'),
+        ('https://user:password@example4.com/page.html', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'https://example4.com/page.html'),
     ]
 
 
@@ -339,12 +339,12 @@ class CustomPythonOrgPolicy(ReferrerPolicy):
 class TestSettingsCustomPolicy(TestRefererMiddleware):
     settings = {'REFERRER_POLICY': 'tests.test_spidermiddleware_referer.CustomPythonOrgPolicy'}
     scenarii = [
-        ('https://example.com/',    'https://scrapy.org/',  b'https://python.org/'),
-        ('http://example.com/',     'http://scrapy.org/',   b'http://python.org/'),
-        ('http://example.com/',     'https://scrapy.org/',  b'https://python.org/'),
-        ('https://example.com/',    'http://scrapy.org/',   b'http://python.org/'),
-        ('file:///home/path/to/somefile.html',  'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://python.org/'),
-        ('file:///home/path/to/somefile.html',  'http://scrapy.org/',  b'http://python.org/'),
+        ('https://example.com/', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://python.org/'),
+        ('http://example.com/', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'http://python.org/'),
+        ('http://example.com/', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://python.org/'),
+        ('https://example.com/', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'http://python.org/'),
+        ('file:///home/path/to/somefile.html', 'https://scrapy.org/', b'https://python.org/'),
+        ('file:///home/path/to/somefile.html', 'http://scrapy.org/', b'http://python.org/'),
 
     ]
 
@@ -541,7 +541,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirect(TestRefererMiddleware):
 
     settings = {'REFERRER_POLICY': 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.UnsafeUrlPolicy'}
     scenarii = [
-        (   'http://scrapytest.org/1',      # parent
+        (
+            'http://scrapytest.org/1',      # parent
             'http://scrapytest.org/2',      # target
             (
                 # redirections: code, URL
@@ -551,7 +552,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirect(TestRefererMiddleware):
             b'http://scrapytest.org/1',  # expected initial referer
             b'http://scrapytest.org/1',  # expected referer for the redirection request
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/1',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/1',
             'https://scrapytest.org/2',
             (
                 # redirecting to non-secure URL
@@ -560,7 +562,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirect(TestRefererMiddleware):
             b'https://scrapytest.org/1',
             b'https://scrapytest.org/1',
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/1',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/1',
             'https://scrapytest.com/2',
             (
                 # redirecting to non-secure URL: different origin
@@ -602,7 +605,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectNoReferrer(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
     """
     settings = {'REFERRER_POLICY': 'no-referrer'}
     scenarii = [
-        (   'http://scrapytest.org/1',      # parent
+        (
+            'http://scrapytest.org/1',      # parent
             'http://scrapytest.org/2',      # target
             (
                 # redirections: code, URL
@@ -612,7 +616,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectNoReferrer(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             None,  # expected initial "Referer"
             None,  # expected "Referer" for the redirection request
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/1',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/1',
             'https://scrapytest.org/2',
             (
                 (301, 'http://scrapytest.org/3'),
@@ -620,7 +625,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectNoReferrer(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             None,
             None,
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/1',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/1',
             'https://example.com/2',    # different origin
             (
                 (301, 'http://scrapytest.com/3'),
@@ -641,7 +647,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectSameOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
     """
     settings = {'REFERRER_POLICY': 'same-origin'}
     scenarii = [
-        (   'http://scrapytest.org/101',      # origin
+        (
+            'http://scrapytest.org/101',      # origin
             'http://scrapytest.org/102',      # target
             (
                 # redirections: code, URL
@@ -651,7 +658,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectSameOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'http://scrapytest.org/101',  # expected initial "Referer"
             b'http://scrapytest.org/101',  # expected referer for the redirection request
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/201',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/201',
             'https://scrapytest.org/202',
             (
                 # redirecting from secure to non-secure URL == different origin
@@ -660,7 +668,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectSameOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'https://scrapytest.org/201',
             None,
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/301',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/301',
             'https://scrapytest.org/302',
             (
                 # different domain == different origin
@@ -683,7 +692,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
     """
     settings = {'REFERRER_POLICY': POLICY_STRICT_ORIGIN}
     scenarii = [
-        (   'http://scrapytest.org/101',
+        (
+            'http://scrapytest.org/101',
             'http://scrapytest.org/102',
             (
                 (301, 'http://scrapytest.org/103'),
@@ -692,7 +702,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'http://scrapytest.org/',  # send origin
             b'http://scrapytest.org/',  # redirects to same origin: send origin
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/201',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/201',
             'https://scrapytest.org/202',
             (
                 # redirecting to non-secure URL: no referrer
@@ -701,7 +712,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'https://scrapytest.org/',
             None,
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/301',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/301',
             'https://scrapytest.org/302',
             (
                 # redirecting to non-secure URL (different domain): no referrer
@@ -710,7 +722,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'https://scrapytest.org/',
             None,
         ),
-        (   'http://scrapy.org/401',
+        (
+            'http://scrapy.org/401',
             'http://example.com/402',
             (
                 (301, 'http://scrapytest.org/403'),
@@ -718,7 +731,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'http://scrapy.org/',
             b'http://scrapy.org/',
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapy.org/501',
+        (
+            'https://scrapy.org/501',
             'https://example.com/502',
             (
                 # HTTPS all along, so origin referrer is kept as-is
@@ -728,7 +742,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'https://scrapy.org/',
             b'https://scrapy.org/',
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/601',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/601',
             'http://scrapytest.org/602',                # TLS to non-TLS: no referrer
             (
                 (301, 'https://scrapytest.org/603'),    # TLS URL again: (still) no referrer
@@ -750,7 +765,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
     """
     settings = {'REFERRER_POLICY': POLICY_ORIGIN_WHEN_CROSS_ORIGIN}
     scenarii = [
-        (   'http://scrapytest.org/101',      # origin
+        (
+            'http://scrapytest.org/101',      # origin
             'http://scrapytest.org/102',      # target + redirection
             (
                 # redirections: code, URL
@@ -760,7 +776,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'http://scrapytest.org/101',  # expected initial referer
             b'http://scrapytest.org/101',  # expected referer for the redirection request
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/201',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/201',
             'https://scrapytest.org/202',
             (
                 # redirecting to non-secure URL: send origin
@@ -769,7 +786,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'https://scrapytest.org/201',
             b'https://scrapytest.org/',
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/301',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/301',
             'https://scrapytest.org/302',
             (
                 # redirecting to non-secure URL (different domain): send origin
@@ -778,7 +796,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'https://scrapytest.org/301',
             b'https://scrapytest.org/',
         ),
-        (   'http://scrapy.org/401',
+        (
+            'http://scrapy.org/401',
             'http://example.com/402',
             (
                 (301, 'http://scrapytest.org/403'),
@@ -786,7 +805,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'http://scrapy.org/',
             b'http://scrapy.org/',
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapy.org/501',
+        (
+            'https://scrapy.org/501',
             'https://example.com/502',
             (
                 # all different domains: send origin
@@ -796,7 +816,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'https://scrapy.org/',
             b'https://scrapy.org/',
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/301',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/301',
             'http://scrapytest.org/302',                # TLS to non-TLS: send origin
             (
                 (301, 'https://scrapytest.org/303'),    # TLS URL again: send origin (also)
@@ -820,7 +841,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
     """
     settings = {'REFERRER_POLICY': POLICY_STRICT_ORIGIN_WHEN_CROSS_ORIGIN}
     scenarii = [
-        (   'http://scrapytest.org/101',      # origin
+        (
+            'http://scrapytest.org/101',      # origin
             'http://scrapytest.org/102',      # target + redirection
             (
                 # redirections: code, URL
@@ -830,7 +852,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'http://scrapytest.org/101',  # expected initial referer
             b'http://scrapytest.org/101',  # expected referer for the redirection request
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/201',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/201',
             'https://scrapytest.org/202',
             (
                 # redirecting to non-secure URL: do not send the "Referer" header
@@ -839,7 +862,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'https://scrapytest.org/201',
             None,
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/301',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/301',
             'https://scrapytest.org/302',
             (
                 # redirecting to non-secure URL (different domain): send origin
@@ -848,7 +872,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'https://scrapytest.org/301',
             None,
         ),
-        (   'http://scrapy.org/401',
+        (
+            'http://scrapy.org/401',
             'http://example.com/402',
             (
                 (301, 'http://scrapytest.org/403'),
@@ -856,7 +881,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'http://scrapy.org/',
             b'http://scrapy.org/',
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapy.org/501',
+        (
+            'https://scrapy.org/501',
             'https://example.com/502',
             (
                 # all different domains: send origin
@@ -866,7 +892,8 @@ class TestReferrerOnRedirectStrictOriginWhenCrossOrigin(TestReferrerOnRedirect):
             b'https://scrapy.org/',
             b'https://scrapy.org/',
         ),
-        (   'https://scrapytest.org/601',
+        (
+            'https://scrapytest.org/601',
             'http://scrapytest.org/602',                # TLS to non-TLS: do not send "Referer"
             (
                 (301, 'https://scrapytest.org/603'),    # TLS URL again: (still) send nothing
diff --git a/tests/test_utils_iterators.py b/tests/test_utils_iterators.py
index 33fc4d570..ec8311298 100644
--- a/tests/test_utils_iterators.py
+++ b/tests/test_utils_iterators.py
@@ -250,10 +250,10 @@ class UtilsCsvTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         result = [row for row in csv]
         self.assertEqual(result,
-                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha',   u'value': u'foobar'},
+                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha', u'value': u'foobar'},
                           {u'id': u'2', u'name': u'unicode', u'value': u'\xfan\xedc\xf3d\xe9\u203d'},
-                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi',   u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
-                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty',   u'value': u''}])
+                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi', u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
+                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty', u'value': u''}])
 
         # explicit type check cuz' we no like stinkin' autocasting! yarrr
         for result_row in result:
@@ -266,10 +266,10 @@ class UtilsCsvTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         csv = csviter(response, delimiter='\t')
 
         self.assertEqual([row for row in csv],
-                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha',   u'value': u'foobar'},
+                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha', u'value': u'foobar'},
                           {u'id': u'2', u'name': u'unicode', u'value': u'\xfan\xedc\xf3d\xe9\u203d'},
-                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi',   u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
-                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty',   u'value': u''}])
+                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi', u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
+                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty', u'value': u''}])
 
     def test_csviter_quotechar(self):
         body1 = get_testdata('feeds', 'feed-sample6.csv')
@@ -279,19 +279,19 @@ class UtilsCsvTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         csv1 = csviter(response1, quotechar="'")
 
         self.assertEqual([row for row in csv1],
-                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha',   u'value': u'foobar'},
+                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha', u'value': u'foobar'},
                           {u'id': u'2', u'name': u'unicode', u'value': u'\xfan\xedc\xf3d\xe9\u203d'},
-                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi',   u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
-                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty',   u'value': u''}])
+                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi', u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
+                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty', u'value': u''}])
 
         response2 = TextResponse(url="http://example.com/", body=body2)
         csv2 = csviter(response2, delimiter="|", quotechar="'")
 
         self.assertEqual([row for row in csv2],
-                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha',   u'value': u'foobar'},
+                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha', u'value': u'foobar'},
                           {u'id': u'2', u'name': u'unicode', u'value': u'\xfan\xedc\xf3d\xe9\u203d'},
-                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi',   u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
-                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty',   u'value': u''}])
+                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi', u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
+                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty', u'value': u''}])
 
     def test_csviter_wrong_quotechar(self):
         body = get_testdata('feeds', 'feed-sample6.csv')
@@ -299,10 +299,10 @@ class UtilsCsvTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         csv = csviter(response)
 
         self.assertEqual([row for row in csv],
-                         [{u"'id'": u"1",   u"'name'": u"'alpha'",   u"'value'": u"'foobar'"},
-                          {u"'id'": u"2",   u"'name'": u"'unicode'", u"'value'": u"'\xfan\xedc\xf3d\xe9\u203d'"},
-                          {u"'id'": u"'3'", u"'name'": u"'multi'",   u"'value'": u"'foo"},
-                          {u"'id'": u"4",   u"'name'": u"'empty'",   u"'value'": u""}])
+                         [{u"'id'": u"1", u"'name'": u"'alpha'", u"'value'": u"'foobar'"},
+                          {u"'id'": u"2", u"'name'": u"'unicode'", u"'value'": u"'\xfan\xedc\xf3d\xe9\u203d'"},
+                          {u"'id'": u"'3'", u"'name'": u"'multi'", u"'value'": u"'foo"},
+                          {u"'id'": u"4", u"'name'": u"'empty'", u"'value'": u""}])
 
     def test_csviter_delimiter_binary_response_assume_utf8_encoding(self):
         body = get_testdata('feeds', 'feed-sample3.csv').replace(b',', b'\t')
@@ -310,10 +310,10 @@ class UtilsCsvTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         csv = csviter(response, delimiter='\t')
 
         self.assertEqual([row for row in csv],
-                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha',   u'value': u'foobar'},
+                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha', u'value': u'foobar'},
                           {u'id': u'2', u'name': u'unicode', u'value': u'\xfan\xedc\xf3d\xe9\u203d'},
-                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi',   u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
-                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty',   u'value': u''}])
+                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi', u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
+                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty', u'value': u''}])
 
     def test_csviter_headers(self):
         sample = get_testdata('feeds', 'feed-sample3.csv').splitlines()
@@ -323,10 +323,10 @@ class UtilsCsvTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         csv = csviter(response, headers=[h.decode('utf-8') for h in headers])
 
         self.assertEqual([row for row in csv],
-                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha',   u'value': u'foobar'},
+                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha', u'value': u'foobar'},
                           {u'id': u'2', u'name': u'unicode', u'value': u'\xfan\xedc\xf3d\xe9\u203d'},
-                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi',   u'value': u'foo\nbar'},
-                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty',   u'value': u''}])
+                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi', u'value': u'foo\nbar'},
+                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty', u'value': u''}])
 
     def test_csviter_falserow(self):
         body = get_testdata('feeds', 'feed-sample3.csv')
@@ -336,10 +336,10 @@ class UtilsCsvTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         csv = csviter(response)
 
         self.assertEqual([row for row in csv],
-                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha',   u'value': u'foobar'},
+                         [{u'id': u'1', u'name': u'alpha', u'value': u'foobar'},
                           {u'id': u'2', u'name': u'unicode', u'value': u'\xfan\xedc\xf3d\xe9\u203d'},
-                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi',   u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
-                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty',   u'value': u''}])
+                          {u'id': u'3', u'name': u'multi', u'value': FOOBAR_NL},
+                          {u'id': u'4', u'name': u'empty', u'value': u''}])
 
     def test_csviter_exception(self):
         body = get_testdata('feeds', 'feed-sample3.csv')
diff --git a/tests/test_utils_url.py b/tests/test_utils_url.py
index 7abff8281..72a16e9b1 100644
--- a/tests/test_utils_url.py
+++ b/tests/test_utils_url.py
@@ -203,29 +203,29 @@ def create_skipped_scheme_t(args):
 
 
 for k, args in enumerate([
-            ('/index',                              'file://'),
-            ('/index.html',                         'file://'),
-            ('./index.html',                        'file://'),
-            ('../index.html',                       'file://'),
-            ('../../index.html',                    'file://'),
-            ('./data/index.html',                   'file://'),
-            ('.hidden/data/index.html',             'file://'),
-            ('/home/user/www/index.html',           'file://'),
-            ('//home/user/www/index.html',          'file://'),
-            ('file:///home/user/www/index.html',    'file://'),
+            ('/index', 'file://'),
+            ('/index.html', 'file://'),
+            ('./index.html', 'file://'),
+            ('../index.html', 'file://'),
+            ('../../index.html', 'file://'),
+            ('./data/index.html', 'file://'),
+            ('.hidden/data/index.html', 'file://'),
+            ('/home/user/www/index.html', 'file://'),
+            ('//home/user/www/index.html', 'file://'),
+            ('file:///home/user/www/index.html', 'file://'),
 
-            ('index.html',                          'http://'),
-            ('example.com',                         'http://'),
-            ('www.example.com',                     'http://'),
-            ('www.example.com/index.html',          'http://'),
-            ('http://example.com',                  'http://'),
-            ('http://example.com/index.html',       'http://'),
-            ('localhost',                           'http://'),
-            ('localhost/index.html',                'http://'),
+            ('index.html', 'http://'),
+            ('example.com', 'http://'),
+            ('www.example.com', 'http://'),
+            ('www.example.com/index.html', 'http://'),
+            ('http://example.com', 'http://'),
+            ('http://example.com/index.html', 'http://'),
+            ('localhost', 'http://'),
+            ('localhost/index.html', 'http://'),
 
             # some corner cases (default to http://)
-            ('/',                                   'http://'),
-            ('.../test',                            'http://'),
+            ('/', 'http://'),
+            ('.../test', 'http://'),
 
         ], start=1):
     t_method = create_guess_scheme_t(args)
diff --git a/tests/test_webclient.py b/tests/test_webclient.py
index 6253d5c3f..d4abebbfb 100644
--- a/tests/test_webclient.py
+++ b/tests/test_webclient.py
@@ -53,28 +53,28 @@ class ParseUrlTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     def testParse(self):
         lip = '127.0.0.1'
         tests = (
-    ("http://127.0.0.1?c=v&c2=v2#fragment",     ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/?c=v&c2=v2')),
-    ("http://127.0.0.1/?c=v&c2=v2#fragment",    ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/?c=v&c2=v2')),
-    ("http://127.0.0.1/foo?c=v&c2=v2#frag",     ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/foo?c=v&c2=v2')),
+    ("http://127.0.0.1?c=v&c2=v2#fragment", ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/?c=v&c2=v2')),
+    ("http://127.0.0.1/?c=v&c2=v2#fragment", ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/?c=v&c2=v2')),
+    ("http://127.0.0.1/foo?c=v&c2=v2#frag", ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/foo?c=v&c2=v2')),
     ("http://127.0.0.1:100?c=v&c2=v2#fragment", ('http', lip + ':100', lip, 100, '/?c=v&c2=v2')),
-    ("http://127.0.0.1:100/?c=v&c2=v2#frag",    ('http', lip + ':100', lip, 100, '/?c=v&c2=v2')),
+    ("http://127.0.0.1:100/?c=v&c2=v2#frag", ('http', lip + ':100', lip, 100, '/?c=v&c2=v2')),
     ("http://127.0.0.1:100/foo?c=v&c2=v2#frag", ('http', lip + ':100', lip, 100, '/foo?c=v&c2=v2')),
 
-    ("http://127.0.0.1",              ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/')),
-    ("http://127.0.0.1/",             ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/')),
-    ("http://127.0.0.1/foo",          ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/foo')),
-    ("http://127.0.0.1?param=value",  ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/?param=value')),
+    ("http://127.0.0.1", ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/')),
+    ("http://127.0.0.1/", ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/')),
+    ("http://127.0.0.1/foo", ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/foo')),
+    ("http://127.0.0.1?param=value", ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/?param=value')),
     ("http://127.0.0.1/?param=value", ('http', lip, lip, 80, '/?param=value')),
-    ("http://127.0.0.1:12345/foo",    ('http', lip + ':12345', lip, 12345, '/foo')),
-    ("http://spam:12345/foo",         ('http', 'spam:12345', 'spam', 12345, '/foo')),
-    ("http://spam.test.org/foo",      ('http', 'spam.test.org', 'spam.test.org', 80, '/foo')),
+    ("http://127.0.0.1:12345/foo", ('http', lip + ':12345', lip, 12345, '/foo')),
+    ("http://spam:12345/foo", ('http', 'spam:12345', 'spam', 12345, '/foo')),
+    ("http://spam.test.org/foo", ('http', 'spam.test.org', 'spam.test.org', 80, '/foo')),
 
-    ("https://127.0.0.1/foo",         ('https', lip, lip, 443, '/foo')),
+    ("https://127.0.0.1/foo", ('https', lip, lip, 443, '/foo')),
     ("https://127.0.0.1/?param=value", ('https', lip, lip, 443, '/?param=value')),
-    ("https://127.0.0.1:12345/",      ('https', lip + ':12345', lip, 12345, '/')),
+    ("https://127.0.0.1:12345/", ('https', lip + ':12345', lip, 12345, '/')),
 
-    ("http://scrapytest.org/foo ",    ('http', 'scrapytest.org', 'scrapytest.org', 80, '/foo')),
-    ("http://egg:7890 ",              ('http', 'egg:7890', 'egg', 7890, '/')),
+    ("http://scrapytest.org/foo ", ('http', 'scrapytest.org', 'scrapytest.org', 80, '/foo')),
+    ("http://egg:7890 ", ('http', 'egg:7890', 'egg', 7890, '/')),
     )
 
         for url, test in tests: