🧹 chore: Improve Performance of Fiber Router (#3261)

* Initial improvements

* Update test

* Improve RemoveEscapeChar performance

* Fix lint issues

* Re-add comments

* Add dedicated request handlers

* Fix lint issues

* Add test case for app.All with custom method

* Add test for custom Ctx and Request Methods

* Simplify test logic

* Simplify test

.github/workflows/linter.yml

@@ -37,4 +37,4 @@ jobs:
         uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v6
         with:
           # NOTE: Keep this in sync with the version from .golangci.yml
-          version: v1.62.0
+          version: v1.62.2

Makefile

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ markdown:
 ## lint: 🚨 Run lint checks
 .PHONY: lint
 lint:
-	go run github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint@v1.62.0 run ./...
+	go run github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint@v1.62.2 run ./...
 
 ## test: 🚦 Execute all tests
 .PHONY: test

app.go

@@ -616,6 +616,10 @@ func (app *App) handleTrustedProxy(ipAddress string) {
 // Note: It doesn't allow adding new methods, only customizing exist methods.
 func (app *App) NewCtxFunc(function func(app *App) CustomCtx) {
 	app.newCtxFunc = function
+
+	if app.server != nil {
+		app.server.Handler = app.customRequestHandler
+	}
 }
 
 // RegisterCustomConstraint allows to register custom constraint.
@@ -868,7 +872,11 @@ func (app *App) Config() Config {
 func (app *App) Handler() fasthttp.RequestHandler { //revive:disable-line:confusing-naming // Having both a Handler() (uppercase) and a handler() (lowercase) is fine. TODO: Use nolint:revive directive instead. See https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/issues/3476
 	// prepare the server for the start
 	app.startupProcess()
-	return app.requestHandler
+
+	if app.newCtxFunc != nil {
+		return app.customRequestHandler
+	}
+	return app.defaultRequestHandler
 }
 
 // Stack returns the raw router stack.
@@ -1057,7 +1065,11 @@ func (app *App) init() *App {
 	}
 
 	// fasthttp server settings
-	app.server.Handler = app.requestHandler
+	if app.newCtxFunc != nil {
+		app.server.Handler = app.customRequestHandler
+	} else {
+		app.server.Handler = app.defaultRequestHandler
+	}
 	app.server.Name = app.config.ServerHeader
 	app.server.Concurrency = app.config.Concurrency
 	app.server.NoDefaultDate = app.config.DisableDefaultDate

app_test.go

@@ -581,32 +581,51 @@ func Test_App_Use_StrictRouting(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_App_Add_Method_Test(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	defer func() {
-		if err := recover(); err != nil {
-			require.Equal(t, "add: invalid http method JANE\n", fmt.Sprintf("%v", err))
-		}
-	}()
 
 	methods := append(DefaultMethods, "JOHN") //nolint:gocritic // We want a new slice here
 	app := New(Config{
 		RequestMethods: methods,
 	})
 
-	app.Add([]string{"JOHN"}, "/doe", testEmptyHandler)
+	app.Add([]string{"JOHN"}, "/john", testEmptyHandler)
+
+	resp, err := app.Test(httptest.NewRequest("JOHN", "/john", nil))
+	require.NoError(t, err, "app.Test(req)")
+	require.Equal(t, StatusOK, resp.StatusCode, "Status code")
+
+	resp, err = app.Test(httptest.NewRequest(MethodGet, "/john", nil))
+	require.NoError(t, err, "app.Test(req)")
+	require.Equal(t, StatusMethodNotAllowed, resp.StatusCode, "Status code")
+
+	resp, err = app.Test(httptest.NewRequest("UNKNOWN", "/john", nil))
+	require.NoError(t, err, "app.Test(req)")
+	require.Equal(t, StatusNotImplemented, resp.StatusCode, "Status code")
+
+	// Add a new method
+	require.Panics(t, func() {
+		app.Add([]string{"JANE"}, "/jane", testEmptyHandler)
+	})
+}
+
+func Test_App_All_Method_Test(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	methods := append(DefaultMethods, "JOHN") //nolint:gocritic // We want a new slice here
+	app := New(Config{
+		RequestMethods: methods,
+	})
+
+	// Add a new method with All
+	app.All("/doe", testEmptyHandler)
 
 	resp, err := app.Test(httptest.NewRequest("JOHN", "/doe", nil))
 	require.NoError(t, err, "app.Test(req)")
 	require.Equal(t, StatusOK, resp.StatusCode, "Status code")
 
-	resp, err = app.Test(httptest.NewRequest(MethodGet, "/doe", nil))
-	require.NoError(t, err, "app.Test(req)")
-	require.Equal(t, StatusMethodNotAllowed, resp.StatusCode, "Status code")
-
-	resp, err = app.Test(httptest.NewRequest("UNKNOWN", "/doe", nil))
-	require.NoError(t, err, "app.Test(req)")
-	require.Equal(t, StatusNotImplemented, resp.StatusCode, "Status code")
-
-	app.Add([]string{"JANE"}, "/doe", testEmptyHandler)
+	// Add a new method
+	require.Panics(t, func() {
+		app.Add([]string{"JANE"}, "/jane", testEmptyHandler)
+	})
 }
 
 // go test -run Test_App_GETOnly

binder/mapping.go

@@ -107,8 +107,7 @@ func parseToStruct(aliasTag string, out any, data map[string][]string) error {
 func parseToMap(ptr any, data map[string][]string) error {
 	elem := reflect.TypeOf(ptr).Elem()
 
-	//nolint:exhaustive // it's not necessary to check all types
-	switch elem.Kind() {
+	switch elem.Kind() { //nolint:exhaustive // it's not necessary to check all types
 	case reflect.Slice:
 		newMap, ok := ptr.(map[string][]string)
 		if !ok {
@@ -129,7 +128,6 @@ func parseToMap(ptr any, data map[string][]string) error {
 				newMap[k] = ""
 				continue
 			}
-
 			newMap[k] = v[len(v)-1]
 		}
 	}

ctx_interface_gen.go

@@ -350,5 +350,8 @@ type Ctx interface {
 	setIndexRoute(route int)
 	setMatched(matched bool)
 	setRoute(route *Route)
+	// Drop closes the underlying connection without sending any response headers or body.
+	// This can be useful for silently terminating client connections, such as in DDoS mitigation
+	// or when blocking access to sensitive endpoints.
 	Drop() error
 }

ctx_test.go

@@ -127,6 +127,35 @@ func Test_Ctx_CustomCtx(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, "prefix_v3", string(body))
 }
 
+// go test -run Test_Ctx_CustomCtx
+func Test_Ctx_CustomCtx_and_Method(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Create app with custom request methods
+	methods := append(DefaultMethods, "JOHN") //nolint:gocritic // We want a new slice here
+	app := New(Config{
+		RequestMethods: methods,
+	})
+
+	// Create custom context
+	app.NewCtxFunc(func(app *App) CustomCtx {
+		return &customCtx{
+			DefaultCtx: *NewDefaultCtx(app),
+		}
+	})
+
+	// Add route with custom method
+	app.Add([]string{"JOHN"}, "/doe", testEmptyHandler)
+	resp, err := app.Test(httptest.NewRequest("JOHN", "/doe", nil))
+	require.NoError(t, err, "app.Test(req)")
+	require.Equal(t, StatusOK, resp.StatusCode, "Status code")
+
+	// Add a new method
+	require.Panics(t, func() {
+		app.Add([]string{"JANE"}, "/jane", testEmptyHandler)
+	})
+}
+
 // go test -run Test_Ctx_Accepts_EmptyAccept
 func Test_Ctx_Accepts_EmptyAccept(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()

path.go

@@ -620,10 +620,16 @@ func GetTrimmedParam(param string) string {
 
 // RemoveEscapeChar remove escape characters
 func RemoveEscapeChar(word string) string {
-	if strings.IndexByte(word, escapeChar) != -1 {
-		return strings.ReplaceAll(word, string(escapeChar), "")
+	b := []byte(word)
+	dst := 0
+	for src := 0; src < len(b); src++ {
+		if b[src] == '\\' {
+			continue
+		}
+		b[dst] = b[src]
+		dst++
 	}
-	return word
+	return string(b[:dst])
 }
 
 func getParamConstraintType(constraintPart string) TypeConstraint {

router.go

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
 package fiber
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"html"
 	"sort"
-	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 
 	"github.com/gofiber/utils/v2"
@@ -65,10 +65,12 @@ type Route struct {
 
 func (r *Route) match(detectionPath, path string, params *[maxParams]string) bool {
 	// root detectionPath check
-	if r.root && detectionPath == "/" {
+	if r.root && len(detectionPath) == 1 && detectionPath[0] == '/' {
 		return true
-		// '*' wildcard matches any detectionPath
-	} else if r.star {
+	}
+
+	// '*' wildcard matches any detectionPath
+	if r.star {
 		if len(path) > 1 {
 			params[0] = path[1:]
 		} else {
@@ -76,24 +78,32 @@ func (r *Route) match(detectionPath, path string, params *[maxParams]string) boo
 		}
 		return true
 	}
-	// Does this route have parameters
+
+	// Does this route have parameters?
 	if len(r.Params) > 0 {
-		// Match params
-		if match := r.routeParser.getMatch(detectionPath, path, params, r.use); match {
-			// Get params from the path detectionPath
-			return match
-		}
-	}
-	// Is this route a Middleware?
-	if r.use {
-		// Single slash will match or detectionPath prefix
-		if r.root || strings.HasPrefix(detectionPath, r.path) {
+		// Match params using precomputed routeParser
+		if r.routeParser.getMatch(detectionPath, path, params, r.use) {
 			return true
 		}
-		// Check for a simple detectionPath match
-	} else if len(r.path) == len(detectionPath) && r.path == detectionPath {
+	}
+
+	// Middleware route?
+	if r.use {
+		// Single slash or prefix match
+		plen := len(r.path)
+		if r.root {
+			// If r.root is '/', it matches everything starting at '/'
+			if len(detectionPath) > 0 && detectionPath[0] == '/' {
+				return true
+			}
+		} else if len(detectionPath) >= plen && detectionPath[:plen] == r.path {
+			return true
+		}
+	} else if len(r.path) == len(detectionPath) && detectionPath == r.path {
+		// Check exact match
 		return true
 	}
+
 	// No match
 	return false
 }
@@ -201,44 +211,63 @@ func (app *App) next(c *DefaultCtx) (bool, error) {
 	return false, err
 }
 
-func (app *App) requestHandler(rctx *fasthttp.RequestCtx) {
-	// Handler for default ctxs
-	var c CustomCtx
-	var ok bool
-	if app.newCtxFunc != nil {
-		c, ok = app.AcquireCtx(rctx).(CustomCtx)
-		if !ok {
-			panic(errors.New("requestHandler: failed to type-assert to CustomCtx"))
-		}
-	} else {
-		c, ok = app.AcquireCtx(rctx).(*DefaultCtx)
-		if !ok {
-			panic(errors.New("requestHandler: failed to type-assert to *DefaultCtx"))
-		}
+func (app *App) defaultRequestHandler(rctx *fasthttp.RequestCtx) {
+	// Acquire DefaultCtx from the pool
+	ctx, ok := app.AcquireCtx(rctx).(*DefaultCtx)
+	if !ok {
+		panic(errors.New("requestHandler: failed to type-assert to *DefaultCtx"))
 	}
-	defer app.ReleaseCtx(c)
 
-	// handle invalid http method directly
-	if app.methodInt(c.Method()) == -1 {
-		_ = c.SendStatus(StatusNotImplemented) //nolint:errcheck // Always return nil
+	defer app.ReleaseCtx(ctx)
+
+	// Check if the HTTP method is valid
+	if ctx.methodINT == -1 {
+		_ = ctx.SendStatus(StatusNotImplemented) //nolint:errcheck // Always return nil
 		return
 	}
 
-	// check flash messages
-	if strings.Contains(utils.UnsafeString(c.Request().Header.RawHeaders()), FlashCookieName) {
-		c.Redirect().parseAndClearFlashMessages()
+	// Optional: Check flash messages
+	rawHeaders := ctx.Request().Header.RawHeaders()
+	if len(rawHeaders) > 0 && bytes.Contains(rawHeaders, []byte(FlashCookieName)) {
+		ctx.Redirect().parseAndClearFlashMessages()
 	}
 
-	// Find match in stack
-	var err error
-	if app.newCtxFunc != nil {
-		_, err = app.nextCustom(c)
-	} else {
-		_, err = app.next(c.(*DefaultCtx)) //nolint:errcheck // It is fine to ignore the error here
-	}
+	// Attempt to match a route and execute the chain
+	_, err := app.next(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
-		if catch := c.App().ErrorHandler(c, err); catch != nil {
-			_ = c.SendStatus(StatusInternalServerError) //nolint:errcheck // It is fine to ignore the error here
+		if catch := ctx.App().ErrorHandler(ctx, err); catch != nil {
+			_ = ctx.SendStatus(StatusInternalServerError) //nolint:errcheck // Always return nil
+		}
+		// TODO: Do we need to return here?
+	}
+}
+
+func (app *App) customRequestHandler(rctx *fasthttp.RequestCtx) {
+	// Acquire CustomCtx from the pool
+	ctx, ok := app.AcquireCtx(rctx).(CustomCtx)
+	if !ok {
+		panic(errors.New("requestHandler: failed to type-assert to CustomCtx"))
+	}
+
+	defer app.ReleaseCtx(ctx)
+
+	// Check if the HTTP method is valid
+	if app.methodInt(ctx.Method()) == -1 {
+		_ = ctx.SendStatus(StatusNotImplemented) //nolint:errcheck // Always return nil
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Optional: Check flash messages
+	rawHeaders := ctx.Request().Header.RawHeaders()
+	if len(rawHeaders) > 0 && bytes.Contains(rawHeaders, []byte(FlashCookieName)) {
+		ctx.Redirect().parseAndClearFlashMessages()
+	}
+
+	// Attempt to match a route and execute the chain
+	_, err := app.nextCustom(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		if catch := ctx.App().ErrorHandler(ctx, err); catch != nil {
+			_ = ctx.SendStatus(StatusInternalServerError) //nolint:errcheck // Always return nil
 		}
 		// TODO: Do we need to return here?
 	}
@@ -295,68 +324,56 @@ func (app *App) register(methods []string, pathRaw string, group *Group, handler
 		handlers = append(handlers, handler)
 	}
 
+	// Precompute path normalization ONCE
+	if pathRaw == "" {
+		pathRaw = "/"
+	}
+	if pathRaw[0] != '/' {
+		pathRaw = "/" + pathRaw
+	}
+	pathPretty := pathRaw
+	if !app.config.CaseSensitive {
+		pathPretty = utils.ToLower(pathPretty)
+	}
+	if !app.config.StrictRouting && len(pathPretty) > 1 {
+		pathPretty = utils.TrimRight(pathPretty, '/')
+	}
+	pathClean := RemoveEscapeChar(pathPretty)
+
+	parsedRaw := parseRoute(pathRaw, app.customConstraints...)
+	parsedPretty := parseRoute(pathPretty, app.customConstraints...)
+
 	for _, method := range methods {
-		// Uppercase HTTP methods
 		method = utils.ToUpper(method)
-		// Check if the HTTP method is valid unless it's USE
 		if method != methodUse && app.methodInt(method) == -1 {
 			panic(fmt.Sprintf("add: invalid http method %s\n", method))
 		}
-		// is mounted app
+
 		isMount := group != nil && group.app != app
-		// A route requires atleast one ctx handler
 		if len(handlers) == 0 && !isMount {
 			panic(fmt.Sprintf("missing handler/middleware in route: %s\n", pathRaw))
 		}
-		// Cannot have an empty path
-		if pathRaw == "" {
-			pathRaw = "/"
-		}
-		// Path always start with a '/'
-		if pathRaw[0] != '/' {
-			pathRaw = "/" + pathRaw
-		}
-		// Create a stripped path in case-sensitive / trailing slashes
-		pathPretty := pathRaw
-		// Case-sensitive routing, all to lowercase
-		if !app.config.CaseSensitive {
-			pathPretty = utils.ToLower(pathPretty)
-		}
-		// Strict routing, remove trailing slashes
-		if !app.config.StrictRouting && len(pathPretty) > 1 {
-			pathPretty = utils.TrimRight(pathPretty, '/')
-		}
-		// Is layer a middleware?
-		isUse := method == methodUse
-		// Is path a direct wildcard?
-		isStar := pathPretty == "/*"
-		// Is path a root slash?
-		isRoot := pathPretty == "/"
-		// Parse path parameters
-		parsedRaw := parseRoute(pathRaw, app.customConstraints...)
-		parsedPretty := parseRoute(pathPretty, app.customConstraints...)
 
-		// Create route metadata without pointer
+		isUse := method == methodUse
+		isStar := pathClean == "/*"
+		isRoot := pathClean == "/"
+
 		route := Route{
-			// Router booleans
 			use:   isUse,
 			mount: isMount,
 			star:  isStar,
 			root:  isRoot,
 
-			// Path data
-			path:        RemoveEscapeChar(pathPretty),
+			path:        pathClean,
 			routeParser: parsedPretty,
 			Params:      parsedRaw.params,
+			group:       group,
 
-			// Group data
-			group: group,
-
-			// Public data
 			Path:     pathRaw,
 			Method:   method,
 			Handlers: handlers,
 		}
+
 		// Increment global handler count
 		atomic.AddUint32(&app.handlersCount, uint32(len(handlers))) //nolint:gosec // Not a concern
 

router_test.go

@@ -591,6 +591,29 @@ func Benchmark_Router_Next_Default(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 }
 
+// go test -benchmem -run=^$ -bench ^Benchmark_Router_Next_Default_Parallel$ github.com/gofiber/fiber/v3 -count=1
+func Benchmark_Router_Next_Default_Parallel(b *testing.B) {
+	app := New()
+	app.Get("/", func(_ Ctx) error {
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	h := app.Handler()
+
+	b.ReportAllocs()
+	b.ResetTimer()
+
+	b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+		fctx := &fasthttp.RequestCtx{}
+		fctx.Request.Header.SetMethod(MethodGet)
+		fctx.Request.SetRequestURI("/")
+
+		for pb.Next() {
+			h(fctx)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
 // go test -v ./... -run=^$ -bench=Benchmark_Route_Match -benchmem -count=4
 func Benchmark_Route_Match(b *testing.B) {
 	var match bool