diff --git a/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh b/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
index 0c562bb820c..93ca84f9e6d 100755
--- a/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
+++ b/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ test_expect_success \
test_expect_success \
'a/b (untracked) vs a, plus c/d case test.' \
- '! git read-tree -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" &&
+ 'test_must_fail git read-tree -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" &&
git ls-files --stage &&
test -f a/b'
diff --git a/t/t3301-notes.sh b/t/t3301-notes.sh
index 1d82f79ee07..96b75813d73 100755
--- a/t/t3301-notes.sh
+++ b/t/t3301-notes.sh
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ cat expect-F >> expect-rm-F
test_expect_success 'verify note removal with -F /dev/null' '
git log -4 > output &&
test_cmp expect-rm-F output &&
- ! git notes show
+ test_must_fail git notes show
'
test_expect_success 'do not create empty note with -m "" (setup)' '
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ test_expect_success 'do not create empty note with -m "" (setup)' '
test_expect_success 'verify non-creation of note with -m ""' '
git log -4 > output &&
test_cmp expect-rm-F output &&
- ! git notes show
+ test_must_fail git notes show
'
cat > expect-combine_m_and_F << EOF
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ cat expect-multiline >> expect-rm-remove
test_expect_success 'verify note removal with "git notes remove"' '
git log -4 > output &&
test_cmp expect-rm-remove output &&
- ! git notes show HEAD^
+ test_must_fail git notes show HEAD^
'
cat > expect << EOF
diff --git a/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh b/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh
index b4554041b49..c4282179b38 100755
--- a/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh
+++ b/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ test_expect_success 'remove some commits' '
test_expect_success 'verify that commits are gone' '
- ! git cat-file -p 5ee1c35e83ea47cd3cc4f8cbee0568915fbbbd29 &&
+ test_must_fail git cat-file -p 5ee1c35e83ea47cd3cc4f8cbee0568915fbbbd29 &&
git cat-file -p 08341ad9e94faa089d60fd3f523affb25c6da189 &&
git cat-file -p ab5f302035f2e7aaf04265f08b42034c23256e1f
'
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prune notes' '
test_expect_success 'verify that notes are gone' '
- ! git notes show 5ee1c35e83ea47cd3cc4f8cbee0568915fbbbd29 &&
+ test_must_fail git notes show 5ee1c35e83ea47cd3cc4f8cbee0568915fbbbd29 &&
git notes show 08341ad9e94faa089d60fd3f523affb25c6da189 &&
git notes show ab5f302035f2e7aaf04265f08b42034c23256e1f
'
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ test_expect_success 'prune -v notes' '
test_expect_success 'verify that notes are gone' '
- ! git notes show 5ee1c35e83ea47cd3cc4f8cbee0568915fbbbd29 &&
- ! git notes show 08341ad9e94faa089d60fd3f523affb25c6da189 &&
+ test_must_fail git notes show 5ee1c35e83ea47cd3cc4f8cbee0568915fbbbd29 &&
+ test_must_fail git notes show 08341ad9e94faa089d60fd3f523affb25c6da189 &&
git notes show ab5f302035f2e7aaf04265f08b42034c23256e1f
'
diff --git a/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh b/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh
index c49143a1a45..6f73b95558c 100755
--- a/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh
+++ b/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
# G2 = same changes as G
test_expect_success 'skip same-resolution merges with -p' '
git checkout H &&
- ! git merge E &&
+ test_must_fail git merge E &&
test_commit L file1 23 &&
git checkout I &&
test_commit G2 file1 3 &&
- ! git merge E &&
+ test_must_fail git merge E &&
test_commit J file1 23 &&
test_commit K file7 file7 &&
git rebase -i -p L &&
@@ -65,11 +65,11 @@ test_expect_success 'skip same-resolution merges with -p' '
# G2 = different changes as G
test_expect_success 'keep different-resolution merges with -p' '
git checkout H &&
- ! git merge E &&
+ test_must_fail git merge E &&
test_commit L2 file1 23 &&
git checkout I &&
test_commit G3 file1 4 &&
- ! git merge E &&
+ test_must_fail git merge E &&
test_commit J2 file1 24 &&
test_commit K2 file7 file7 &&
test_must_fail git rebase -i -p L2 &&
diff --git a/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh b/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh
index 8ab3d61f445..2cf42c73f14 100755
--- a/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh
+++ b/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pull with -X' '
git reset --hard master && git pull -s recursive -X ours . side &&
git reset --hard master && git pull -s recursive -Xtheirs . side &&
git reset --hard master && git pull -s recursive -X theirs . side &&
- git reset --hard master && ! git pull -s recursive -X bork . side
+ git reset --hard master && test_must_fail git pull -s recursive -X bork . side
'
test_done
diff --git a/t/t7509-commit.sh b/t/t7509-commit.sh
index 3ea33db6c73..643ab03f992 100755
--- a/t/t7509-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7509-commit.sh
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ test_expect_success '--amend option with empty author' '
test_when_finished "git checkout Initial" &&
echo "Empty author test" >>foo &&
test_tick &&
- ! git commit -a -m "empty author" --amend 2>err &&
+ test_must_fail git commit -a -m "empty author" --amend 2>err &&
grep "empty ident" err
'
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ test_expect_success '--amend option with missing author' '
test_when_finished "git checkout Initial" &&
echo "Missing author test" >>foo &&
test_tick &&
- ! git commit -a -m "malformed author" --amend 2>err &&
+ test_must_fail git commit -a -m "malformed author" --amend 2>err &&
grep "empty ident" err
'
diff --git a/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
index 49f4e1599ac..d82349a6a8d 100755
--- a/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
+++ b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
test_expect_success 'will not overwrite untracked file' '
git reset --hard c1 &&
cat important > c2.c &&
- ! git merge c2 &&
+ test_must_fail git merge c2 &&
test_cmp important c2.c
'
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ test_expect_success 'will not overwrite new file' '
git reset --hard c1 &&
cat important > c2.c &&
git add c2.c &&
- ! git merge c2 &&
+ test_must_fail git merge c2 &&
test_cmp important c2.c
'
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ test_expect_success 'will not overwrite staged changes' '
cat important > c2.c &&
git add c2.c &&
rm c2.c &&
- ! git merge c2 &&
+ test_must_fail git merge c2 &&
git checkout c2.c &&
test_cmp important c2.c
'
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ test_expect_success 'will not overwrite removed file' '
git rm c1.c &&
git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
cat important > c1.c &&
- ! git merge c1a &&
+ test_must_fail git merge c1a &&
test_cmp important c1.c
'
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ test_expect_success 'will not overwrite re-added file' '
git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
cat important > c1.c &&
git add c1.c &&
- ! git merge c1a &&
+ test_must_fail git merge c1a &&
test_cmp important c1.c
'
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ test_expect_success 'will not overwrite removed file with staged changes' '
cat important > c1.c &&
git add c1.c &&
rm c1.c &&
- ! git merge c1a &&
+ test_must_fail git merge c1a &&
git checkout c1.c &&
test_cmp important c1.c
'
diff --git a/t/t7810-grep.sh b/t/t7810-grep.sh
index 8a6322765c9..023f225a4b1 100755
--- a/t/t7810-grep.sh
+++ b/t/t7810-grep.sh
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ do
test_expect_success "grep -w $L (w)" '
: >expected &&
- ! git grep -n -w -e "^w" >actual &&
+ test_must_fail git grep -n -w -e "^w" >actual &&
test_cmp expected actual
'
diff --git a/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
index 134411e0a56..3c4f31925fe 100755
--- a/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
+++ b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
'
test_expect_success 'start import with incomplete authors file' '
- ! git svn clone --authors-file=svn-authors "$svnrepo" x
+ test_must_fail git svn clone --authors-file=svn-authors "$svnrepo" x
'
test_expect_success 'imported 2 revisions successfully' '
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ test_expect_success 'authors-file against globs' '
'
test_expect_success 'fetch fails on ee' '
- ( cd aa-work && ! git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors )
+ ( cd aa-work && test_must_fail git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors )
'
tmp_config_get () {
diff --git a/t/t9139-git-svn-non-utf8-commitencoding.sh b/t/t9139-git-svn-non-utf8-commitencoding.sh
index f337959cccc..22d80b0be2b 100755
--- a/t/t9139-git-svn-non-utf8-commitencoding.sh
+++ b/t/t9139-git-svn-non-utf8-commitencoding.sh
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ do
(
cd $H &&
git config --unset i18n.commitencoding &&
- ! git svn dcommit
+ test_must_fail git svn dcommit
)
'
done
diff --git a/t/t9140-git-svn-reset.sh b/t/t9140-git-svn-reset.sh
index 0735526d4ba..e8559046296 100755
--- a/t/t9140-git-svn-reset.sh
+++ b/t/t9140-git-svn-reset.sh
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ test_expect_success 'modify hidden file in SVN repo' '
test_expect_success 'fetch fails on modified hidden file' '
( cd g &&
git svn find-rev refs/remotes/git-svn > ../expect &&
- ! git svn fetch 2> ../errors &&
+ test_must_fail git svn fetch 2> ../errors &&
git svn find-rev refs/remotes/git-svn > ../expect2 ) &&
fgrep "not found in commit" errors &&
test_cmp expect expect2